[27], All of South Houston is served by South Houston High School. [336] In August 2017, Houston City Council approved spending for construction of 13 additional miles of bike trails. [190] In the United States, the port ranks first in international commerce and 16th among the largest ports in the world. Venues across Houston regularly host local and touring rock, blues, country, dubstep, and Tejano musical acts. Houston's violent crime rate was 8.6% percent higher in 2016 from the previous year. [173] In 2013 Father John Whiteford, the pastor of St. Jonah Orthodox Church near Spring, stated that there were about 6,000-9,000 Eastern Orthodox Christians in Houston. [13][70] The city owns surface water rights for 1.20 billion US gallons (4.5 Gl) of water a day in addition to 150 million US gallons (570 Ml) a day of groundwater. [160] The school's executive director, Wayne Kramer, referred to the student handbook, which stated: "Lutheran High North reserves the right, within its sole discretion, to refuse admission of an applicant and/or to discontinue enrollment of a current student participating in, promoting, supporting or condoning: pornography, sexual immorality, homosexual activity or bisexual activity". Houston's total crime rate including violent and nonviolent crimes decreased by 11 percent. [101], Houston generally receives ample rainfall, averaging about 49.8 in (1,260 mm) annually based on records between 1981 and 2010. Economist and vice president of research at the Greater Houston Partnership Patrick Jankowski attributed Houston's success to the ability of the region's real estate and energy industries to learn from historical mistakes. SpaceX aborted its launch of a Starship prototype in South Texas just one second before liftoff. It is the largest city in the United States by total area, whose government is not consolidated with that of a county, parish, or borough. Two light rail lines outlined in a five-line system approved by voters in a 2003 referendum have yet to be constructed. [13] After briefly serving as the capital of the Texas Republic in the late 1830s, Houston grew steadily into a regional trading center for the remainder of the 19th century.[14]. Houston is the birthplace of the chopped and screwed remixing-technique in Hip-hop which was pioneered by DJ Screw from the city. [258] In motorcycling, the Astrodome hosted an AMA Supercross Championship round from 1974 to 2003 and the NRG Stadium since 2003. [268], Texas has banned sanctuary cities,[269] but Houston Mayor Sylvester Turner said that Houston will not assist ICE agents with immigration raids. In 1980 South Houston had 11,782 inhabitants and 303 businesses. [351][352], See: List of colleges and universities in Houston, For a complete listing, see list of cities and towns in Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land MSA, This article is about the largest city in the U.S. state of Texas. Nationwide, about 71% of respondents identified as Christians. Development worth $13.5 billion", "Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010", "Fearing deportation, undocumented immigrants in Houston are avoiding hospitals and clinics", "For Houston's many undocumented immigrants, storm is just the latest challenge", "American Community Survey 2019 Demographic and Housing Estimates", "American cities saw uneven growth last decade, new census data show", "As Houston Keeps Expanding, So Does Suburban Apartment Construction", "2018 ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates", The New Great Migration: Black Americans' Return to the South, 1965-to the present, "Demographics show the changing face of Houston", "ACS 2018 Selected Social Characteristics", "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Houston city, Texas 2018-2019", "Houston, Texas Population: Census 2010 and 2000 Interactive Map, Demographics, Statistics, Quick Facts", "Houston city, Texas – DP-1. Bayou Place is a large multilevel building containing full-service restaurants, bars, live music, billiards, and Sundance Cinema. Earl R. Verbeek, Karl W. Ratzlaff, Uel S. Clanton. Houston is also one of eight cities to have an XFL team, the Houston Roughnecks. It is bordered by the city of Houston and the city of Pasadena. [261] Under the city charter, once the population in the city limits exceeded 2.1 million residents, two additional districts were to be added. [183][184] The city and area have also been growing centers for technology. [13][39] In 1950, the availability of air conditioning provided impetus for many companies to relocate to Houston, where wages were lower than those in the North; this resulted in an economic boom and produced a key shift in the city's economy toward the energy sector.[40][41]. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000", "How Houston has become the most diverse place in America", "In Houston, America's Diverse Future Has Already Arrived", https://www.npr.org/2019/01/16/685815783/meet-black-girl-magic-the-19-african-american-women-elected-as-judges-in-texas, "Join us in Houston, America's Next Great Black Business Mecca", "Sylvester Turner mostly right; Houston is 'most diverse, "2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates", "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Houston city, Texas 2010", "Same Sex Couples Statistics by The Williams Institute", "Houston Lags Behind Other Major Texas Cities in LGBT-Friendliness", "In energy sector, coming out 'can put you at risk, "Houston 17-year-old says Lutheran school booted him for coming out of the closet", "Houston School Responds To Gay Student's Viral Video", "Equal rights law opponents deliver signatures seeking repeal", "Religion in America: U.S. Three loop freeways provide north–south and east–west connectivity between Greater Houston's radial highways. For every 100 females, there were 104.1 males. On February 14 and 15, 1895, Houston received 20 inches (51 cm) of snow, its largest snowfall from one storm on record. A 2017 study by the Rice University Kinder Institute for Urban Research found that 56% of Harris County residents have a preference for dense housing in a mixed-use, walkable setting as opposed to single-family housing in a low-density area. Officials predicted there would be 323 homicides in 2016. [108] The coldest temperature officially recorded in Houston was 5 Â°F (−15 Â°C) on January 18, 1930. Because of these strengths, Houston is designated as a global city by the Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network and global management consulting firm A.T. [318] In addition, many households in the city of Houston have no car. [297], Rice University, located near the Museum District and Texas Medical Center, is a private tier-one research university and the most selective institution of higher education in Texas. The Houston area is also home to the largest African American community in Texas. The third, Ellington Airport, is home to the Ellington Field Joint Reserve Base. Houston was the headquarters of Continental Airlines until its 2010 merger with United Airlines with headquarters in Chicago; regulatory approval for the merger was granted in October of that year. In 2010, whites (including Hispanic whites) made up 57.6% of the city of Houston's population; 24.6% of the total population was non-Hispanic whites. [162] Houston elected the first openly lesbian mayor of a major city in 2009, and she served until 2016. Houston has the NFL's first retractable-roof stadium with natural grass, NRG Stadium (home of the Texans). The population was 16,983 at the 2010 census. About 24% of the population was below the poverty line, including 25.8% of those under age 18 and 10.5% of those age 65 or over. [210] Also in 2013, Houston again appeared on Forbes' list of "Best Places for Business and Careers". In August 2005, Houston became a shelter to more than 150,000 people from New Orleans, who evacuated from Hurricane Katrina. The median household income in 2018 was $51,140 and 20.6% of Houstonians lived at or below the poverty line. Evacuations are being issued in Texas as Hurricane Laura approaches, including mandatory evacuations in Galveston and some voluntary evacuations in Houston… [169], Lakewood Church in Houston, led by Pastor Joel Osteen, is the largest church in the United States. [203] The city ranked fourth for highest increase in the local technological innovation over the preceding 15 years, according to Forbes magazine. In 1967 the city purchased land and a barracks building from Ellington Field; the city then moved the library there, where it remained until 1991. The Greater Houston metropolitan area's independent schools offer education from a variety of different religious as well as secular viewpoints. Texas was always, at most, an outlying state in the South, and large enough to encompass many different cultures, something most of the rest of the South can't really claim. [20][21][22] These tribes are almost nonexistent today; this was most likely caused by foreign disease, and competition with various settler groups in the 18th and 19th centuries. The Niels Esperson Building stood as the tallest building in Houston from 1927 to 1929. As of the census[3] of 2010, there were 16,983 people from 4,617 households residing in the city. The company lost no less than $70 billion.[47]. [193], The Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metro area's gross domestic product (GDP) in 2016 was $478 billion, making it the sixth-largest of any metropolitan area in the United States and larger than Iran's, Colombia's, or the United Arab Emirates' GDP. The current 5,800 square feet (540 m2) branch opened in May 1991. According to the 2000 Census, the community has a population of 22,282. The city controller is elected independently of the mayor and council. Best Dining in South Houston, Texas Gulf Coast: See 116 Tripadvisor traveler reviews of 34 South Houston restaurants and search by cuisine, price, location, and more. They have won two NBA Championships, one in 1994 and another in 1995 under star players Hakeem Olajuwon, Otis Thorpe, Clyde Drexler, Vernon Maxwell, and Kenny Smith. We have reviews of the best places to see in South Houston. [27] Railroad spurs from the Texas inland converged in Houston, where they met rail lines to the ports of Galveston and Beaumont. A succession of skyscrapers was built throughout the 1970s—many by real estate developer Gerald D. Hines—culminating with Houston's tallest skyscraper, the 75-floor, 1,002-foot (305 m)-tall JPMorgan Chase Tower (formerly the Texas Commerce Tower), completed in 1982. [168], According to a 2014 study by the Pew Research Center, 73% of the population of the Houston area identified themselves as Christians, about 50% of whom claimed Protestant affiliations and about 19% claimed Roman Catholic affiliations. [246], Houston has sports teams for every major professional league except the National Hockey League. Houston merchants profited from selling staples to farmers and shipping the farmers' produce to Galveston. [17], Nicknamed the "Bayou City", "Space City", "H-Town", and "the 713", Houston has become a global city, with strengths in culture, medicine, and research. [195] In 2010, mining (which consists almost entirely of exploration and production of oil and gas in Houston) accounted for 26.3% of Houston's GAP up sharply in response to high energy prices and a decreased worldwide surplus of oil production capacity, followed by engineering services, health services, and manufacturing. Renewable energy sources—wind and solar—are also growing economic bases in the city. [344] The Houston Air Route Traffic Control Center is located at Bush Intercontinental. [111][114], Houston has excessive ozone levels and is routinely ranked among the most ozone-polluted cities in the United States. [13] The Republic of Texas granted Houston incorporation on June 5, 1837, as James S. Holman became its first mayor. The Theater District is a 17-block area in the center of Downtown Houston that is home to the Bayou Place entertainment complex, restaurants, movies, plazas, and parks. Thi… Their plan would bring in $360 million in revenue and boost city population and tax revenue. They began going to Art Wren, a 24-hour restaurant in Montrose. Though some have blamed the city's low density, urban sprawl, and lack of pedestrian-friendliness on these policies, others have credited the city's land use patterns with providing significant affordable housing,[85] sparing Houston the worst effects of the 2008 real estate crisis. The population was 16,983 at the 2010 census. South Texas College of Law Houston is located in the heart of downtown, just minutes away from courthouses, major international law firms, corporations, and legal service providers. According to a study in 2016 by Berman Jewish DataBank, 51,000 Jews lived in the area, an increase of 4,000 since 2001. [249] The Houston SaberCats are a rugby team that plays in Major League Rugby. HOUSTON'S RIDERS: 'We do ride': Houstonians show up to vote on horseback In fact, according to Larry Callies, the owner of the Black Cowboy Museum in Rosenberg, Texas… [312] In 2016, another 11.4% of Houstonians carpooled to work, while 3.6% used public transit, 2.1% walked, and 0.5% bicycled. See Tripadvisor's South Houston, Texas Gulf Coast hotel deals and special prices on 30+ hotels all in one spot. Beneath the layers of sediment is a water-deposited layer of halite, a rock salt. Approximately 470,000 people lived within the Interstate 610 loop, while 1.65 million lived between Interstate 610 and Beltway 8 and 2.25 million lived within Harris County outside Beltway 8 in 2015. [257] The event had a 5-year race contract through 2017 with IndyCar. [247] The Houston Rockets are a National Basketball Association franchise based in the city since 1971. [346] In early 2007, Bush Intercontinental Airport was named a model "port of entry" for international travelers by U.S. Customs and Border Protection. Hurricane Harvey damaged hundreds of thousands of homes and dumped trillions of gallons of water into the city. The company, which is based in Houston, hasn't filed to drill a new well in Karnes since 2018. [101] Twenty-first century snow events in Houston include a storm on December 24, 2004, which saw 1 inch (3 cm) of snow accumulate in parts of the metro area,[105] and an event on December 7, 2017, which precipitated 0.7 inches (2 cm) of snowfall. South Texas has a variety of attractions and activities to fill out a full vacation itinerary. [310] A commuting study estimated that the median length of commute in the region was 12.2 miles (19.6 km) in 2012. [67] Downtown stands about 50 feet (15 m) above sea level,[68] and the highest point in far northwest Houston is about 150 feet (46 m) in elevation. Prairie View A&M University's nursing school is located in the Texas Medical Center. [303] La Voz de Houston is the Houston Chronicle's Spanish-language newspaper and the largest in the area. After the war, Houston's economy reverted to being primarily port-driven. [253] Other sports facilities include Hofheinz Pavilion (Houston Cougars basketball), Rice Stadium (Rice Owls football), and NRG Arena. LGBT Houstonians needed to have a place to socialize after the closing of the gay bars. It is the second-largest concentration of theater seats in a Downtown area in the United States. While not located in Tornado Alley, like much of Northern Texas, spring supercell thunderstorms sometimes bring tornadoes to the area. [201] Twenty-five foreign banks representing 13 nations operate in Houston, providing financial assistance to the international community. [174] The most prominent Eastern and Oriental Orthodox jurisdictions are the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America,[175] the Antiochian Orthodox Archdiocese of North America,[176] the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria,[177] and Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. [349], Houston's third municipal airport is Ellington Airport, used by the military, government (including NASA) and general aviation sectors. [324] A park and ride system provides commuter bus service from 34 transit centers scattered throughout the region's suburban areas; these express buses operate independently of the local bus network and utilize the region's extensive system of HOV lanes. [11], The South Houston Fire Department serves the city. [65] Most of Houston is located on the gulf coastal plain, and its vegetation is classified as Western Gulf coastal grasslands while further north, it transitions into a subtropical jungle, the Big Thicket. The town suffered another setback that year when a yellow fever epidemic claimed about one life for every eight residents, yet it persisted as a commercial center, forming a symbiosis with its Gulf Coast port, Galveston. Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. [133] The largest Hispanic or Latin American ethnic groups in the city were Mexican Americans (31.6%), Puerto Ricans (0.8%), and Cuban Americans (0.8%) in 2018. The city has a population from various ethnic and religious backgrounds and a large and growing international community. The median age was 28 years. The council members are Irene Tamayo, Bill Kelly, Albert Hernandez, Robert Garcia, and Amy Burnett. [226][227][228], The Houston Theater District, located in Downtown, is home to nine major performing arts organizations and six performance halls. [213] The city is home to the nation's third-largest concentration of consular offices, representing 92 countries. Houston ( /hjuːstən/) is the fourth-largest city in the United States of America, and the largest city in the state of Texas. Parts of South Houston are zoned to Carter Lomax Middle School (Pasadena, Grades 5-6). [152] The proportion of non-Hispanic whites in Houston has decreased significantly since 1970, when it was 62.4%. The school is affiliated with the Baptist General Convention of Texas and has a student population of approximately 3,000. [285] The Houston area Catholic schools are operated by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston. To the north in Neartown, the University of St. Thomas, founded in 1947, is Houston's only Catholic university. By 1890, Houston was the railroad center of Texas. Anderson Foundation formed the Texas Medical Center. [331] A daily Amtrak Thruway Motorcoach connects Houston with Amtrak's Chicago–San Antonio Texas Eagle at Longview. In 1983, the 71-floor, 992-foot (302 m)-tall Wells Fargo Plaza (formerly Allied Bank Plaza) was completed, becoming the second-tallest building in Houston and Texas. [342] In 2006, the United States Department of Transportation named IAH the fastest-growing of the top ten airports in the United States. In response to Hurricane Harvey, Mayor Sylvester Turner of Houston initiated plans to require developers to build homes that will be less susceptible to flooding by raising them two feet above the 500-year floodplain. Petrochemical refineries and manufacturing plants were constructed along the ship channel because of the demand for petroleum and synthetic rubber products by the defense industry during the war. [6] Because of the 1913 incorporation, Houston did not incorporate South Houston's territory into its city limits, while Houston annexed surrounding areas that were unincorporated. After five years, 80.5% of graduates are still living and working in the region. [80] The six original wards of Houston are the progenitors of the 11 modern-day geographically-oriented Houston City Council districts, though the city abandoned the ward system in 1905 in favor of a commission government, and, later, the existing mayor–council government. Within Montrose, new gay bars began to open. Houston is a majority-minority city. [338] The network expanded to 29 stations and 225 bicycles in 2014, registering over 43,000 checkouts of equipment during the first half of the same year. [170] According to the list, Houston and Dallas were tied as the second-most popular city for megachurches. The new 20-story Skanska building[92] and BBVA Compass Plaza[93] are the newest office buildings built in Uptown after 30 years. The Houston area encompasses more than 300 private schools,[282][283][284] many of which are accredited by Texas Private School Accreditation Commission recognized agencies. The average household size was 3.45 and the average family size was 3.86. The city won its first baseball championship during the 2017 event. Suburban northern and western parts of the metropolitan area are served by various campuses of the Lone Star College System, while the southeastern portion of Houston is served by San Jacinto College, and a northeastern portion is served by Lee College. Texas Southern University, located in the Third Ward, is the first public institution of higher education in Houston and the largest HBCU in Texas. [30] After the Civil War, Houston businessmen initiated efforts to widen the city's extensive system of bayous so the city could accept more commerce between Downtown and the nearby port of Galveston. [54] Even worse flooding happened in late August 2017, when Hurricane Harvey stalled over southeastern Texas, much like Tropical Storm Allison did sixteen years earlier, causing severe flooding in the Houston area, with some areas receiving over 50 inches (1,300 mm) of rain. The Houston area has over 150 active faults (estimated to be 300 active faults) with an aggregate length of up to 310 miles (500 km),[76][77][78] including the Long Point–Eureka Heights fault system which runs through the center of the city. [36] Ellington Field, initially built during World War I, was revitalized as an advanced training center for bombardiers and navigators. [109] During the mid-2010s, Greater Houston experienced consecutive major flood events in 2015 ("Memorial Day"),[111] 2016 ("Tax Day"),[112] and 2017 (Hurricane Harvey). Houston (/ ˈ h juː s t ən / (listen) HEW-stən) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Texas, fourth-most populous city in the United States, most populous city in the Southern United States, as well as the sixth-most populous in North America, with an estimated 2019 population of 2,320,268. At 47,000 in 2001, has n't filed to drill a new well in Karnes since 2018 largest black-owned in... 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