In May 1945, the uprising against the occupying French forces was suppressed through what is now known as the Sétif and Guelma massacre. [129] About 90% of Algerians live in the northern, coastal area; the inhabitants of the Sahara desert are mainly concentrated in oases, although some 1.5 million remain nomadic or partly nomadic. Schedule & Manage Pickups. Albert Camus was an Algerian-born French Pied-Noir author. Gradually, dissatisfaction among the Muslim population, which lacked political and economic status in the colonial system, gave rise to demands for greater political autonomy and eventually independence from France. "[54] French losses from 1831 to 1851 were 92,329 dead in the hospital and only 3,336 killed in action. Some estimates put the Algerian death toll during the French colonial rule at over 10 million.[71]. Masinissa's line survived until 24 AD, when the remaining Berber territory was annexed to the Roman Empire. As a result, the agha charged the pasha with corruption and incompetence and seized power in 1659. [86] In recent years, many of these generals have died, retired, or been imprisoned. [93], Tensions between Algeria and Morocco in relation to the Western Sahara have been an obstacle to tightening the Arab Maghreb Union, nominally established in 1989, but which has carried little practical weight.[94]. Marketed and home-made bread products include varieties such as Kessra or Khmira or Harchaya, chopsticks and so-called washers Khoubz dar or Matloue. Berber civilisation was already at a stage in which agriculture, manufacturing, trade, and political organisation supported several states. Although French has no official status, Algeria is the second-largest Francophone country in the world in terms of speakers,[146] and French is widely used in government, media (newspapers, radio, local television), and both the education system (from primary school onwards) and academia due to Algeria's colonial history. The programme comprised economic, institutional, political and social reform to modernise the country, raise living standards, and tackle the causes of alienation. Algeria is included in the European Union's European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) which aims at bringing the EU and its neighbours closer. Following those wars, Algeria was weaker and Europeans, with an Anglo-Dutch fleet commanded by the British Lord Exmouth, attacked Algiers. Shipping Ship All Features Ship Quick & Simple. [64] Many Europeans settled in Oran and Algiers, and by the early 20th century they formed a majority of the population in both cities. [117] Hydrocarbons have long been the backbone of the economy, accounting for roughly 60% of budget revenues, 30% of GDP, and over 95% of export earnings. The currency of Algeria is the Algerian Dinar. Algeria had a 2018 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 5.22/10, ranking it 106th globally out of 172 countries.[85]. Berber has been recognised as a "national language" by the constitutional amendment of 8 May 2002. Below is the typical IBAN for Algeria. The nationality of Algeria is Algerians. [80], The Hoggar Mountains (Arabic: جبال هقار‎), also known as the Hoggar, are a highland region in central Sahara, southern Algeria. There are several UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Algeria[124] including Al Qal'a of Beni Hammad, the first capital of the Hammadid empire; Tipasa, a Phoenician and later Roman town; and Djémila and Timgad, both Roman ruins; M'Zab Valley, a limestone valley containing a large urbanized oasis; and the Casbah of Algiers, an important citadel. Colloquial Algerian Arabic is heavily infused with borrowings from French and Berber. Large numbers of the indigenous Berber people converted to Islam. Country-specific domains ending with .dz, e.g. Tergui music is sung in Tuareg languages generally, Tinariwen had a worldwide success. This change enabled Bouteflika to stand for re-election in the 2009 presidential elections, and he was re-elected in April 2009. Between 2007 and 2013, FDATIC subsidised 98 films (feature films, documentaries and short films). [73] However, elections are routinely criticized by opposition groups as unfair and international human rights groups say that media censorship and harassment of political opponents continue. In February 2016, the Algerian constitution passed a resolution that would make Berber an official language alongside Arabic. In this region, midday desert temperatures can be hot year round. This country code 213 allows you to call Algeria from other countries. After 1689, the right to select the dey passed to the divan, a council of some sixty nobles. The country is located in Northern Africa, adjoined by the Mediterranean Sea in the north. Precipitation is heaviest in the northern part of eastern Algeria, where it reaches as much as 1,000 mm (39.4 in) in some years. [3] It is the direct successor of the National Liberation Army (Armée de Libération Nationale or ALN), the armed wing of the nationalist National Liberation Front which fought French colonial occupation during the Algerian War of Independence (1954–62). In 2009, the French government agreed to compensate victims of nuclear tests in Algeria. Additional information for Algeria. The Ottoman sultan gave him the title of beylerbey and a contingent of some 2,000 janissaries. [3], Non-hydrocarbon growth for 2011 was projected at 5%. Algeria has given the Muslim world a number of prominent thinkers, including Emir Abdelkader, Abdelhamid Ben Badis, Mouloud Kacem Naît Belkacem, Malek Bennabi and Mohamed Arkoun. On 3 July 1940, the British Royal Navy attacked the French Navy's fleet at Mers El Kébir, killing nearly 1,300 men, with the goal of preventing the French warships from falling into German hands. The indigenous Amazigh tribes, however, remained largely independent, and depending on tribe, location and time controlled varying parts of the Maghreb, at times unifying it (as under the Fatimids). [34], The dey was in effect a constitutional autocrat. Farther inland, the rainfall is less plentiful. [49], In the 19th century, the pirates forged affiliations with Caribbean powers, paying a "licence tax" in exchange for safe harbour of their vessels. The Fatimid state was too weak to attempt a punitive expedition; The Viceroy, el-Mu'izz, also found another means of revenge. Neanderthal tool makers produced hand axes in the Levalloisian and Mousterian styles (43,000 BC) similar to those in the Levant. Country Code DZ Country code according to ISO-3166 Alpha-2. It is a 3-way, 1,216-kilometre-long (756 mi) highway, linking Annaba in the extreme east to the Tlemcen in the far west. 364–365, "Had planning been better (barracks, hospitals, medical services), the drain on men would have been miniscule: it has been calculated that between 1831 and 1851, 92,329 died in hospital, and only 3,336 in battle." [73], Bouteflika was re-elected in the April 2004 presidential election after campaigning on a programme of national reconciliation. The war had killed approximately 825,000 indigenous Algerians since 1830. It bases its list of country names and abbreviations on the list of names published by the United Nations. Among the important novelists of the 1980s were Rachid Mimouni, later vice-president of Amnesty International, and Tahar Djaout, murdered by an Islamist group in 1993 for his secularist views.[161]. [3] The country is facing a number of short-term and medium-term problems, including the need to diversify the economy, strengthen political, economic and financial reforms, improve the business climate and reduce inequalities amongst regions. Probably in 1048, the Zirid ruler or viceroy, el-Mu'izz, decided to end this suzerainty. [41] In 1551, the Ottoman governor of Algiers, Turgut Reis, enslaved the entire population of the Maltese island of Gozo. Neolithic civilization (animal domestication and agriculture) developed in the Saharan and Mediterranean Maghreb perhaps as early as 11,000 BC[19] or as late as between 6000 and 2000 BC. He promoted a policy of Arabisation in Algerian society and public life. This development program is meant to advance alternative energy production, especially solar and wind power. Due to the fact that the journalists and activists criticize the ruling government, some media organizations' licenses are cancelled. Many animals are now extinct, including the Barbary lions, Atlas bears and crocodiles. The Algerian road network is the densest in Africa; its length is estimated at 180,000 km (110,000 mi) of highways, with more than 3,756 structures and a paving rate of 85%. [21] They succeeded in obtaining control of much of Carthage's North African territory, and they minted coins bearing the name Libyan, used in Greek to describe natives of North Africa. The mountain regions contain large forests of evergreens (Aleppo pine, juniper, and evergreen oak) and some deciduous trees. The Germanic Vandals of Geiseric moved into North Africa in 429, and by 435 controlled coastal Numidia. Other traditional meals sold often as street food include mhadjeb or mahjouba, karantika, doubara, chakhchoukha, hassouna, and t'chicha. The Islamist militants conducted a violent campaign of civilian massacres. Browse our sites area and region codes by region and city to ensure you have the correct information for your calls. Country Codes Alpha-2 & Alpha-3 This is a complete list of all country ISO codes as described in the ISO 3166 international standard. DZA is the three-letter country abbreviation for Algeria. [3], Women make up 70% of the country's lawyers and 60% of its judges and also dominate the field of medicine. In 1516 the Turkish privateer brothers Aruj and Hayreddin Barbarossa, who operated successfully under the Hafsids, moved their base of operations to Algiers. Several names are engraved in the history of the sport, including Lakhdar Belloumi, Rachid Mekhloufi, Hassen Lalmas, Rabah Madjer, Salah Assad and Djamel Zidane. The last were evacuated to Sicily by the Normans and the few remaining died out in the 14th century.[25]. [70], The war against French rule concluded in 1962, when Algeria gained complete independence following the March 1962 Evian agreements and the July 1962 self-determination referendum. Algeria also has a small African leopard and Saharan cheetah population, but these are seldom seen. [34][35], The next beylerbey was Hayreddin's son Hasan, who assumed the position in 1544. Ben Bella was overthrown in 1965 by Houari Boumédiène, his former ally and defence minister. [75] At several points in the conflict, the situation in Algeria became a point of international concern, most notably during the crisis surrounding Air France Flight 8969, a hijacking perpetrated by the Armed Islamic Group. ISO 3166-1 alpha-3. By the 2nd century BC, several large but loosely administered Berber kingdoms had emerged. Today Algeria contains, in its literary landscape, big names having not only marked the Algerian literature, but also the universal literary heritage in Arabic and French. [43], In July 1627 two pirate ships from Algiers under the command of Dutch pirate Jan Janszoon sailed as far as Iceland,[44] raiding and capturing slaves. I guess it’s because the original name of Algeria is “Dzair” and this is what we-algerians- call it. To dial a telephone number in Algeria, you have to use the phone code 213. ALL SHIPPING SERVICES. Among the most important universities, there are the University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, the University of Mentouri Constantine, and University of Oran Es-Senia. But, he relied much more on the army for his support, and reduced the sole legal party to a symbolic role. To dial a telephone number in Algeria, you have to use the phone code 213. The development of the tourism sector in Algeria had previously been hampered by a lack of facilities, but since 2004 a broad tourism development strategy has been implemented resulting in many hotels of a high modern standard being built. The Armed Islamic Group declared a ceasefire in October 1997. [105] Public homosexual behavior is punishable by up to two years in prison. As a consequence, French government favored the Kabyles. [78], Algeria has not joined the WTO, despite several years of negotiations. [111], In 2011, the agricultural sector and services recorded growth of 10% and 5.3%, respectively. Each province, district, and municipality is named after its seat, which is usually the largest city. [135], Indigenous Berbers as well as Phoenicians, Romans, Byzantine Greeks, Arabs, Turks, various Sub-Saharan Africans, and French have contributed to the history of Algeria. Modern music is available in several facets, Raï music is a style typical of western Algeria. [120], Access to biocapacity in Algeria is lower than world average. [78], The Algerian economy grew by 2.6% in 2011, driven by public spending, in particular in the construction and public-works sector, and by growing internal demand. Country Code 213 is the calling code for Algeria. The president was formerly limited to two five-year terms, but a constitutional amendment passed by the Parliament on 11 November 2008 removed this limitation. Additional information to Algeria. During his election campaign and following his re-election, Bouteflika promised to extend the programme of national reconciliation and a $150-billion spending programme to create three million new jobs, the construction of one million new housing units, and to continue public sector and infrastructure modernisation programmes.[73]. 213 - Country Code for Algeria; Phone Number (remove initial 0): fixed - 8 digits including area code; cell phones - 9 digits; VoIP and VSAT phones - 9 digits, first two digits are 98 and 96 respectively; sample call from US to a landline in Algiers: 011 213 21 ?? Algeria's first president was the Front de Libération Nationale (FLN) leader Ahmed Ben Bella. The highest point is Mount Tahat (3,003 metres or 9,852 feet). Spain took control of few coastal towns like Mers el Kebir in 1505; Oran in 1509; and Tlemcen, Mostaganem and Ténès in 1510. Between 1825 and 1847, 50,000 French people emigrated to Algeria. ?? Climate change in Algeria has wide reaching effects on the country. Besides solar energy, areas of research in Algeria include space and satellite telecommunications, nuclear power and medical research. Country code guide are providing you a detailed information on country & area codes in Algeria, you find that most people have a series of two digits from their phone number in DZ (for example, +213). [96] The military expenditure was 4.3% of the gross domestic product (GDP) in 2012. The capital and most populous city is Algiers, located in the far north of the country on the Mediterranean coast. Tensions between the two population groups came to a head in 1954, when the first violent events of what was later called the Algerian War began. Fearing the election of an Islamist government, the authorities intervened on 11 January 1992, cancelling the elections. Public spending has increased by 27% annually during the past 5 years. 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