(a) Combination between hydrogen and chlorine: Moreover, the properties of a compound are altogether different from the constituting elements. = 23.0 u + 35.5 u = 58.5 u. They all contain carbon. (A) Physical Classification: -> Thermometres with Celsius scale are calibrated from 0°C to 100°C. Molarity of the solution is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved per litre (dm3) of the solution. Therefore, gram molecular mass of oxygen = 32 g. Sum of atomic masses of the elements present in one formula unit of a compound. up of the atoms of the different element have different atomicity (number of atoms in a molecule of an element) like monoatomic, diatomic, triatomic and polyatomic. 2. All reactants and products have simple ratio 1:1:2. SOME P- BLOCK ELEMENTS. = 6.022 x 1023 For example, common salt, marble and limestone. If the digit involved is less than 5, it is neglected and the preceding significant figure remains unchanged, 4.312 isrounded off to 4.31. •  All zeros placed to the right of a number are significant. Volume of the solution in litre       V, The Molarity of the solution can also be expressed in terms of mass and molar mass, Molarity of the solution =                                          Mass of the solute (iii) The use of preservatives has helped to preserve food products like jam, butter, squashes etc. 4. Chemistry has a direct impact on our life and has wide range of applications in different fields. It can vary CBSE Worksheets for Class 11 Chemistry: One of the best teaching strategies employed in most classrooms today is Worksheets. These are called as Significant figures. So volume has units of m3  or cm3  or dm3.A common unit, litre (L) is not an SI unit, is used for measurement of volume of liquids. Elements are further classified into metals, non-metals and metalloids. Hence, a convenient system of expressing the number in scientific notation is used. For example, 3. A 5 % solution of sodium chloride means that 5 g of NaCl is present in 100g of the solution. •  The decimal point does not count towards the number of significant figures. CH is the empirical formula of benzene. (ii) Law of Definite Proportions Chemistry is called the science of atoms and molecule. (ii) It has helped to protect the crops from insects and harmful bacteria, by the use ‘ of certain effective insecticides, fungicides and pesticides. 3. For a solution containing n2 moles of the solute dissolved in n1 moles of the solvent, M1V1 = M2V2, where M1= initial molarity, M2= molarity of the new solution, V1= • Scientific figures: The uncertainty is taken care of by specifying the number of significant figures in which the observations are reported. For example, CNG (Compressed Natural Gas), a substitute of petrol, is very effective in checking pollution caused by automobiles. For example, 4 In a compound, constituents cannot be separated by physical methods or built from simpler substances by any ordinary chemical or physical method. These Some Basic Concept of Chemistry Handwritten Notes in Pdf will help you to prepare different competitive exams like GATE, PSUs and so on. The examples of chemical properties are characteristic reactions of different substances. • Molecular Formula E.g. According to this law equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure should contain equal number of molecules. In a compound, the constituents lose their identities i.e., i compound does not show the characteristics of the constituting elements. CHEMICAL BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE. The combination of elements to form compounds is governed by the following five basic laws. In such cases, the formula is used to calculate the formula mass instead of molecular mass. Chemistry Notes , Chemistry Assignment , Chemistry Quiz , NCERT Solution Note—Temperature below 0 °C (i.e. • All substances contain matter which can exist in three states — solid, liquid or gas. Examples of homogeneous mixtures are air, seawater, gasoline, brass etc. per mol or millilitre per mol, The mass percentage of each constituent element present in any compound is called Volume of liquids can be measured by different devices like burette, pipette, cylinder, measuring flask etc. Chemistry Notes , Chemistry Assignment , Chemistry Quiz , NCERT Solution • Mole Concept • Atoms of different elements are different in all respects. If two elements combine to form two or more compounds, the weight of one of the elements which combines with a fixed weight of the other in these compounds, bears simple whole number ratio by weight. In case n is 1, Molecular formula of a compound = Empirical formula of the compound. Chemistry has played an important role in developing many industrially ^ manufactured fertilizers, alkalis, acids, salts, dyes, polymers, drugs, soaps, In simple terms, molecular mass of a substance expressed in grams is called gram molecular mass. 4. • Differences between Compounds and Mixtures 3. There are certain rules for determining the number of significant figures. colour, odour, melting point, boiling point, density etc.The measurement or observation of chemical properties requires a chemical change occur. Thus, 232.508 can be written as 2.32508 x 102 in scientific notation. • Mass and Weight • Classification of Matter 1. 1. initial volume and V2= volume of the new solution. Download CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Assignments in pdf covering all important topics with solutions developed as per CBSE and NCERT Syllabus for Chapters Of Chemistry. The value of n may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 etc. For example, Compounds are formed when atoms of different elements combine in a fixed ratio. For example, in 285 cm, there are three significant figures and in 0.25 mL, there are two significant figures. One atomic mass unit is defined as a mass exactly equal to one twelfth the mass of one carbon -12 atom. The ratio is = 1 : 2 : 1 The empirical formula of glucose = CH20 Now let us see how calculations are carried out with numbers expressed in scientific notation. Most of the elements exist as isotopes which are different atoms of the same element with different mass numbers and the same atomic number. Temperature--There are three common scales to measure emperature — °C (degree celsius), °F (degree Fahrenheit) and K (kelvin). The molecular formula shows the exact number of different types of atoms present in a molecule of a compound. • Units of Measurement so that the components do not lose their identity. To express it more accuratelywe express it with digits that are known with certainty. Stoichiometry, thus deals with the calculation of masses (sometimes volume also) of the reactants and the products involved in a chemical reaction. Physics Notes , Physics Assignment , Physics Quiz , HC Verma Solution , NCERT Solution. Some examples of physical properties are colour, odour, melting point, boiling point etc. It is also known as unified mass. ... Handwritten Notes, NEET 2020, NEET 2021, NEET Aspirants, Physical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Kota notes, Topper Notes, NEET MOST WANTED notes, Allen Notes, ... MTG OBJECTIVES NCERT AT YOUR FINGERTIPS BIOLOGY PHYSICS CHEMISTRY FOR NEET. negative values) are possible in Celsius scale but in Kelvin scale, negative temperature is not possible. This is possible only when you have the best CBSE Class 11 Chemistry study material and a smart preparation plan. (Given by Antoine Lavoisier in 1789). It is obtained by multiplying the atomic mass of each element by number of its atoms and adding them together. According to this law when gases combine or are produced in a chemical reaction they do so in a simple ratio by volume provided all gases are at same temperature and pressure. For example, decomposition of mercuric oxide. • Importance of Chemistry 1. •Atoms  combine  with  each  other  in  simple  whole  number  ratios  to  form compound atoms called molecules. 2. In which any number can be represented in the form N × 10n Where n is an exponent having positive or negative values and N can vary between 1 to 10). The components of such mixtures cannot be seen under a powerful microscope. Molecules are classified as homoatomic and heteroatomic. (D) Application in Industry: It is Mole is defined as the amount of a substance, which contains the same number of chemical units (atoms, molecules, ions or electrons) as there are atoms in exactly 12 grams of pure carbon-12. Types of mixtures: Mixtures are of two types: • Matter Chemical reactions involve reorganisation of atoms. • Compounds are  broadly classified  into  inorganic and  organic  compounds. 1. Mole fraction: It is the ratio of number of moles of a particular component to the total number of moles of the solution. He Provide The Education For Class 10th,Class 11th, Class 12th And For IIT Jee Students. the following ways. Subtraction of numbers can be done in the same way as the addition. (v) Avogadro’s Law Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 1 notes are compiled by subject experts in compliance with the updated syllabus provided by CBSE.These notes for Class 11 Chemistry, are available online as free PDF downloads. •  Biochemistry-This branch deals with the chemical changes going on in the bodies of living organisms; plants and animals. (v) Avogadro’s Law: Avogadro proposed that, equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure should contain equal number of molecules. Now download Newton classes chemistry materials for class 11 for IIT JEE. In the multiplication or division, the final result should be reported upto the same number of significant figures as present in the least precise number. Let us understand by taking the example of water (H20). JEE NEET Study Material : Notes , Assignment. E.g. e.g. or copper contain single atoms held together as their constituent particles whereas in some others two or more atoms combine to give molecules of the element. Since water contains hydrogen and oxygen, the percentage composition of both these elements can be calculated as follows: are some examples of elements. These notes are prepared keeping in mind the level of preparation needed by the students to prepare for Class 11 exams. 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